Progress in the treatment of advanced biliary cancers has been desperately slow during the past three decades. But important advances have been accomplished this year. Two phase 3 trials showed that gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GEMCIS) or oxaliplatin (GEMOX) were superior in terms of overall survival to gemcitabine alone or to best supportive care, and two phase 2 trials published in The Lancet Oncology explored the addition of two key targeted agents to GEMOX in advanced biliary cancers: the angiogenesis...